Antioxidant Activity of Ellagic
AcidAntioxidant Activity of Ellagic
AcidAnticancer Res. 2001
Nov-Dec;21(6A):3903-8.
Festa F, Aglitti T, Duranti
G, Ricordy R, Perticone P, Cozzi R.
Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita degli Studi Roma TRE, Italy.
Oxidative stress due to oxygen and various radical species is associated with the induction of DNA single- and double-strand breaks and is considered to be a first step in several human degenerative diseases, cancer and ageing. Naturally occurring antioxidants are being extensively analysed for their ability to protect DNA against such injury. We studied three naturally occuring compounds, Ascorbic Acid, Melatonin and Ellagic acid, for their ability to modulate DNA damage produced by two strong radical oxygen inducers (H2O2 and Bleomycin) in cultured CHO cells. The alkaline Comet assay was used to measure DNA damage and a cytofluorimetric analysis was performed to reveal the intracellular oxidative species. The data showed a marked reduction of H2O2- and Bleomycin-induced DNA damage exerted by Ellagic Acid. On the contrary Ascorbic acid and Melatonin appeared to induce a slight increase in DNA damage per se. In combined treatments, they caused a slight reduction of H2O2-induced damage, but they did not efficiently modulate the Bleomycin-induced one. The Dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) cytofluorimetric test confirmed the strong scavenging action exerted by Ellagic Acid.
[Antioxidant properties of
novel preparations--bioflavonoid derivatives and tannins.]
[Article in Russian]
Iakovleva LV, Gerasimova OA, Karbusheva IV, Ivakhnenko AK, Buniatian ND,
Sakharova TS.
Central Research Laboratory, Ukrainian Pharmaceutical Academy, ul. Pushkinskaya
53, Kharkov, 310002 Ukraine.
New medicinal plant preparations of polyphenol nature, representing the derivatives of bioflavonoids (piflamin) and ellagotannins (altan and ellagic acid) were experimentally studied. The drugs exhibited antioxidant properties, which were manifested by inhibition of a pathological lipid peroxidation, restoration of the functional activity of the antioxidant system components, and stabilization of the hepatocyte membranes.
Antioxid Redox Signal 2001 Dec;3(6):995-1008
Chemical studies of
proanthocyanidins and hydrolyzable tannins.
Bors W, Foo LY, Hertkorn N, Michel C, Stettmaier K.
Strong antioxidant activity
of ellagic acid in mammalian cells in vitro revealed by the comet assay.
Festa F, Aglitti T, Duranti G, Ricordy R, Perticone P, Cozzi R.
Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita degli Studi Roma TRE, Italy.
Oxidative stress due to oxygen and various radical species is associated with the induction of DNA single- and double-strand breaks and is considered to be a first step in several human degenerative diseases, cancer and ageing. Naturally occurring antioxidants are being extensively analysed for their ability to protect DNA against such injury. We studied three naturally occuring compounds, Ascorbic Acid, Melatonin and Ellagic acid, for their ability to modulate DNA damage produced by two strong radical oxygen inducers (H2O2 and Bleomycin) in cultured CHO cells. The alkaline Comet assay was used to measure DNA damage and a cytofluorimetric analysis was performed to reveal the intracellular oxidative species. The data showed a marked reduction of H2O2- and Bleomycin-induced DNA damage exerted by Ellagic Acid. On the contrary Ascorbic acid and Melatonin appeared to induce a slight increase in DNA damage per se. In combined treatments, they caused a slight reduction of H2O2-induced damage, but they did not efficiently modulate the Bleomycin-induced one. The Dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) cytofluorimetric test confirmed the strong scavenging action exerted by Ellagic Acid.
Chemical studies of
proanthocyanidins and hydrolyzable tannins.
Bors W, Foo LY, Hertkorn N, Michel C, Stettmaier K.
Institut fur Strahlenbiologie, GSF Forschungszentrum fur Umwelt und Gesundheit,
Neuherberg, Germany. bors@gsf.de
We investigated a number of natural polyphenols representing flavan-3-ols, gallotannins, and ellagitannins with regard to their antioxidant potential. For this purpose we used pulse radiolysis to determine scavenging rate constants with hydroxyl radicals and decay rates of the respective aroxyl radicals and EPR spectroscopy to identify the radicals after in situ oxidation. Using NMR spectroscopy, we could confirm phenolic coupling reactions of epigallocatechin gallate and pentagalloyl glucose after radical-induced oxidation.
Agric Food Chem. 2002 Aug 28;50(18):5191-6.
Mullen W, McGinn J, Lean ME,
MacLean MR, Gardner P, Duthie GG, Yokota T, Crozier A.
Plant Products and Human Nutrition Group, Graham Kerr Building, Division of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences,
University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Analysis of extracts of Glen Ample raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) by gradient, reverse phase HPLC with diode array and tandem mass spectrometry identified eleven anthocyanins, including cyanidin-3-sophoroside, cyanidin-3-(2(G)-glucosylrutinoside), cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, pelargonidin-3-sophoroside, pelargonidin-3-(2(G)-glucosylrutinoside), and pelargonidin-3-glucoside. Significant quantities of an ellagitannin, sanguiin H-6, with an M(r) of 1870 were detected along with lower levels of a second ellagitannin, lambertianin C, which has an M(r) of 2804. Other phenolic compounds that were detected included trace levels of ellagic acid and its sugar conjugates along with one kaempferol- and four quercetin-based flavonol conjugates. Fractionation by preparative HPLC revealed that sanguiin H-6 was a major contributor to the antioxidant capacity of raspberries together with vitamin C and the anthocyanins. Vasodilation activity was restricted to fractions containing lambertianin C and sanguiin H-6.
Extensive information about Ellagic Acid at http://www.ellagic-research.org
Ellagic acid is usually made from red raspberries. This is the source of ellagic acid that has been tested as a cancer alternative. Ellagic acid comes in two concentrations.
1% standardized ellagic acid extract.
40% standardized ellagic acid extract.
Ellagic Acid may be one the most potent ways to fight Cancer. Ellagic Acid, a phenolic compound, is a proven anti-carcinogen, anti-mutagen, and anti-cancer initiator! The Hollings Cancer Instititute at the University of South Carolina is doing a double blind study on a large group of 500 cervical cancer patients that has everyone excited. Nine years of study have shown that a natural product called ellagic acid is causing G-arrest within 48 hours (inhibiting and stopping mitosis-cancer cell division), and apoptosis (normal cell death) within 72 hours, for breast, pancreas, esophageal, skin, colon and prostate cancer cells.
Clinical tests also show that
ellagic acid prevents the destruction of the p53 gene by cancer cells.
Additional studies suggest that one of the mechanisms by which ellagic acid
inhibits mutagenesis and carcinogenesis is by forming adducts with DNA, thus
masking binding sites to be occupied by the mutagen or carcinogen.
Ellagic acid can be found in different foods. The Hollings Clinic has identified
the red raspberry for their studies.
